Operationalizing the Consumer Perception Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Operationalizing the Consumer Perception - Essay Example Health care is one setting in which the two perceptions of customers are applied. Because of the delicate nature of patients and the health care services, the approach that places the customer at the top of the pyramid is highly recommended. Through this approach, health care facilities such as hospitals are best positioned to budget and plan their operations based on the perceptions, satisfactions and overall outcomes of their clients (Cheung-Larivee, 2012). It is also of the essence that patients’ families’ perceptions are also accounted for, especially for patients not in a position to give their opinions or make choices. Moreover, the approach that places the customer at the top seems more effective because with close interactions with patients, care providers can deliver services in real time, thus satisfying their customers. Interactions between management and workers are also improved (Cheung-Larivee, 2012). Cheung-Larivee, K. (2012). â€Å"Hospitals Underestimate the Threat of HCAHPS Penalties.† Retrieved on January 9, 2015 from

Budgets Forecast for Energy Drink Company Essay

Budgets Forecast for Energy Drink Company - Essay Example Marginal costing takes into account variable costs during production while Fixed manufacturing overhead is treated as period costs. It is believed that only the variable costs are relevant to decision-making and that the reason why they are considered in production. Fixed manufacturing overheads will be incurred regardless there is production or not. Appendix 1 illustrates a cost statement using marginal costing. The contribution margin is positive; therefore the plan of manufacturing an energy drink is a viable one. The fixed costs are not useful in the decision-making process that is why contribution margin is used as it excluded fixed costs. Break-even analysis is used in showing the relationship between selling prices, sales volume, variable costs, fixed costs and profits at various levels of activity. It is also referred to as cost-volume-profit analysis. It used in determining the break-even point. BEP is the level of activity where the total revenue equals the total costs. Therefore, no profits are realized at the BEP. However, break-even analysis has its limitations. To begin with, breakeven analysis assumes that fixed cost, variable costs and sales revenue behaves are linear. However, this is not the case since some overhead costs may be stepped in nature. As a result, the straight sales revenue line and total cost line tend to curve beyond a certain level of production Another limitation of break-even analysis is that it assumes that all the stock produced is sold. Therefore, changes in stock levels are not taken into account in the breakeven chart. Finally, breakeven analysis is only suitable for providing information to relatively small companies that produce one type of products. Thus it’s not suitable for companies producing a different product. Forecasting is used in estimating future performance of the business. It is useful in the financial planning process which entails assessing future financial needs.

Pirate Radio Music

Pirate Radio Music Pirate radio station is a station in UK. It is a site delivering pirate radio culture and music which is straight from the heart of London. It is also served through web server and screening real audio. It has played a crucial role in forming the Britains musical test. Today, the waves of the pirate radio station in the cities are so much crowded to the extend that the pirates are been pushed to the suburbs and the country side. It is through these that the people from the rural communities have been in a position to access these services which most of the radio stations have not achieved. Today the members from the rural communities can now have the opportunity to listen on what is happening all over the world through the many programmes which are made by this radio station. As a result most of the people have named it a nerve center and its headquarter is of Essex top pirate radio station. What was crucial for the growth of the pirate radio station was the incorporation of the new technology in the performance of its many activities. This radio station has used the new technology and these are some of the factors on how this new technology has made the pirate radio to prosper. You find that the transistors were now abit hugly smaller and also for the first time, these transistors were transportable. It was doe to the new technology that there was a drop in the hardware price. It was due to the drop of the hardware price that most of the activities could be done effectively hence leading the company to realize its competitive advantage. You find that for a company to grow, first it needs to maintain its costs since when costs are more than the profits, then definitely the company will lead to losses. But here we see that the hardware could be sold at a cheap price hence meaning that its costs were less than the profits leading to the realization of the competitive advantage. The introduction of the clearer and the cheaper FM brand is also another way by which the pirate radio has benefited from the new technology. Once the microwave technology came in to play, it means that this transmitter was in a different location which was different from where the pirates broadcasted from and this is a cheap hardware which can be easily got and replaced when stolen. (Jo Tacchi, 2001). If you tune around that FM band in London, you will find a large number of pirate radio stations. These stations are highly recognizable since they have differentiated themselves from the other stations so that then can realize their competitive advantage. One of their distinctive features is there distinctive sounds. You find that at the pirate radio station, they usually play different sounds which are so different from the other stations. Often you find them playing certain musical styles such as House, UK garage, Drum n Bass, reggae, Grime plus other numerous old skools genres. All these are personal but try to catch so many people hence you find that most of the people usually try to tune in to the pirate radio station so that they can listen at the music playing which is so much attractive. Most of these musics which are played are usually aimed at certain societies and communities so that the can be in a position to learn from them. It is in this music that most of the communities can have the chance to listen songs from their own languages. Many people tend to enjoy these types of songs since most of them are usually more of traditional and telling them about there own culture hence many people can not avoid listening to them. (Jo Tacchi, 2001). Impacts of the pirate radio station in the United Kingdom Pirate radio has done a great deal for the house music and this is done by feeding the public with all the latest underground music despite the fact that it has not been in a position to get the credit it really deserves. You find that this is one of the most entertainment stations in the United Kingdom in the sense that it has been in a position to keep most of the people here fully involved in most of their free times. Music industry is one of the growing sectors not only in the United Kingdom but also in other countries. It is through music that people have been in a position to utilize most of their free times hence leading to less criminals in the society. So you tend to find that its through the pirate radio station that most of the people can spent most of their free times listening to music, news and other records which are produced by the radio station. You find that most of the music usually carries important messages and most of the people can learn from this particular mu sic. Most of the people can change their behaviors through listening to these musics and pirate is a good example since most of the people in united kingdom usually like listening to radio pirate simply because it is well organized. It has a good schedule of doing its activities hence you find that most of the people like listening to its since its so much convenient. They have a variety of programs and these programs always have their set time hence people can be in a position to fix themselves on the p[particular program they really want to listen. It is also not biased like other radio stations. So you find that there is a lot of fun in radio pirate since its not biased at all and it has good music and entertainment which is liked by so many people. People are then in a position to benefit from pirate radio through its many programs, music, entertainment and also news. The whole of the house in the music industry also benefits from the pirate radio since in pirate radio, they pum p out all the current tunes along with all the music favorites and this can be seen as helping keep the scene more alive and also helps by selling huge amounts of new records and also by increasing the total number of DJs in this industry. (Colin, 1996). Promoters benefited through advertisements Many companies and organization have been in a position to benefit from the station since you find that most of the new events or even new products and services which have been produced in the market can be advertised through the radio station hence making the potential customers to be in a position to access them. One a company has produced a new product; the only way it can get this product to the potential customers is through advertisements. The radio advertisements are usually so cheap and available to everyone that why most of the people have preferred this radio station in advertising this product. As a result many people will be in a position to get to know the new product which has been introduced in the market. You find that most of the new events by these promoters are advertised through the pirate radio hence leading to the growth of the economy. The pirate radio station will also benefit in that it has received so many clients who wish to advertise their many products in that particular station hence they have been in a position to record huge profits. Many people also benefit from the pirate radio station in that it tends to help the less fortunate in the society. Not everyone in the many societies we come from has been blessed with wealth. There are a few elements who are termed as poor simply because they can not help them and a good example is the disabled, orphans and the elderly in the United Kingdom. The pirate radio station has taken the initiative to help most of these people out of the many profits which they record. So its through this that even the less fortunate in the society have been in a position to have improved standards of living. (Colin, 1996). Record sales The pirate radio has had a big impact on the record sales. There is a symbiotic relationship between the pirate radio and the record sales industries. You find that the radio pirate has grown hand in hand with the recording industry in that most of these recorded usually use the radio to advertise their new songs among other things. As a result, you find that these people have been in a position to increase their sales in that they usually advertise them through the radio. They too charge few charges as when compared to other radio stations hence meaning that it has been giving good services and that is why most of the people in the United Kingdom use this particular radio. It is also not biased. Many of the Djs in UK have been in a position to excel in this industry through the radio pirate. You find that most of the DJs have been in a position to play their mixes over air. Most of these DJs market themselves through these stations since many funs in UK usually listen the pirate rad io. So when they are marketed, then they are in a position to sell more records hence increasing their living standards. Most of the Djs have become millionaires through this industry and this is out of the many record sales they get. They have been in a position to have increased standards of living which is the basic goals for most of these musicians. Due to the large number of people who usually listen at this particular radio station, it has been in a position to benefit a lot from it. (Sian, 1996). Job creation This particular radio station is one of the employment industries in most of the people in UK. Here you find that most of the young and the youth have been in a position to secure good jobs from this particular radio. It employs so many people so that they can be in a position to meet the growing demand of people. This is because most of the people like the business men, musicians, and government activities have relied so much on the radio pirate when advertising its many activities or even the new products which are produced in the market. It is as a result of this growing demand that many people have been in a position to get jobs through this industry. At the end of the day you find that the economy has been in a position to grow so much since unemployment is one of the leading factors to poverty in a country. You find that when there is a large number of people who are not employed, then it will mean that most of the countries resources will be used to help these people not worki ng. This is because the employed get the unemployed benefits so when they have a job, it will mean that the government will use these resources on other sectors which can be beneficial to all people and a good example is the education sector. So with this, the pirate radio has played a big role in occupying these people in the many roles which are available in this sector. This is because the radio station has so many departments and it is in these departments that many people have been in a position to secure good jobs. So you find that the society too benefits from this a lot. (Paddy, 1996). Increased economic growth Its through the pirate radio that the economy has been in a position to grow. This is because the music industry is one of the growing sectors not only in UK but also in other countries. So you find that due to the many profits which are got by the pirate radio station, the government has been in a position to get high revenues from highly taxing them. This is out of the many profits which they get. So you find that its through taxing these radio station that the government has been in a position to increase its economic growth. The money which is collected as tax can then be used in other important sectors like in the provision of free health services to the needy people in the society. Also it is out of the many profits which it gets that the members of the public have been in a position to benefit from the same through the selling of many shares. Since this particular sector accrues so many benefits, the members of the public have been in a position to benefit from the advantages of this company. This is through buying of the companies shares which are usually sold. Its through buying these shares that they have been in a position to have increased standards of living since this is a form of investment in that its through buying these shares that they sell them when there prices are high hence leading to huge profits from them. So you find that the members of the public have been in a position to benefit from the resources of the pirate radio and the many profits which are got by it. (Colin, 1996). Community development The pirate radio has benefited the communities so much through the various programmes which people listen from them. They usually introduce a number of programmes that are already having a number of impacts to the members of these societies. One of the programmes in this case in the community focus groups. This is one of the programmes which basically focus on the community activities hence its through listening these programmes that the community has been in a position to develop. The farmers plus other interest groups are usually asked by the radio station to identify key issues which they need to be aired to other people. A good example is the farmers in that they usually have a programme which is supposed to encourage farmers so that they can have increased production. Some of the successful farmers are usually brought in to the studio whereby they usually tell people how they have succeed through farming and the best tools and strategies which farmers can apply so that they can be in a position to succeed in farming. Its through these that most of the farmers in the communities can take time and try to learn from this particular radio station. Also some of the government officials are also invited to respond to the concerns which were raised by the various groups. So you find that when an issue has been brought by the particular interest group like the case with the farmers, then a government official who is specifically concerned with that sector is invited in the studio and tries to answer the many questions are asked by the interest groups. So this is one of the ways in which the pirate radio has brought the members of the community in to close contact with the government and they can air their grievances to them whenever there are matters which need to be discussed. As a result, the community has been in a position to benefit in that they can get the correct advice and the basics which they require from the government hence leading to community develop ment in return. (Kevin, 1998). Despite the advantages the pirate radio station has had, it also has some disadvantages to the people who normally watch at these stations. You find that most of the programs which are watched by people especially the young people could have some negative impacts on them. For example they have certain songs which can mislead most of the young people. So you will find that most of the young children usually spent most of their times listening to radio and this can have an impact on their performance in education. So when it comes to the young children in the society, the children will learn both the good and the bad languages which are in the music most of the musicians usually sing. At the end of the day you will find that the community will have so many deviants hence leading to immoral society. Another disadvantage is that is sometimes biased in that it tends to favour that government. So during times like during elections, the government will tend to use this particular media so that it can get most of the people in the society. These people are usually paid so that they can side with the government hence meaning that the members of the public will be misused through this particular radio station and tends to manipulate people to be on the side of the government. (Kevin, 1998). Conclusion Radio stations usually have a great impact to the members of the public. This is out of the many roles in which these radio stations have. Most of the radio stations usually have differentiated ways in which they present their activities and this is important in any organization since its one of the main ways by which an organization can realize its set goals and objectives. People would like listening to radio stations that have a diversified range of activities and programmes which would benefit people and the society at large. For instance they play the role of educating most people in the societies. For example the pirate radio station has taken the initiative of a good leader and hence does this through enlightening people on the society. It is through this initiative that the members of the public will tend to benefit through the many programmes which are facilitated. So the radio stations are very much crucial in ones life and one can imagine a world without a radio station. I t can as a result of the new technology and its one of the cheapest technology which most people can afford as when compared to other Medias like the television, the internet among others. As a result its through it that many people have been in a position to benefit through the education and the type of entertainment they get from them. So pirate radio station has made a difference in many people lives since they are not the same again. They have improved their living standards through listening the many programs which are found in this radio station. Reference Jo Tacchi, J. (2001): ‘Who listens to Radio? The role of Industrial audience research. No News is Bad News: Radio, Television and the Press .London: Longman, pp.137-156) Colin, S. (1996): The British press and broadcasting since 1945. 2nd edition. Blackwell. Martin, S. Cindy W, (2002); On Air: Methods and Meanings of Radio .Arnold, 2002. Sian, N. (1996): The Echo of War: Home Front Propaganda and the Wartime BBC 1939-45. Manchester University Press, 1996. Sian, N. (2002): ‘All the News thats fit to Broadcast: the popular press versus the BBC, 1922-1945, in P.Cattterall, C.Seymour Ure and A. Smith, eds, Northcliffes Legacy: Aspects of the British Popular Press, 1896-1996, (Macmillan, 2000), pp.121-148 Paddy, S. (1996): Radio, television and modern life: a phenomenological approaches Blackwell, 1996. Paddy, S. David, C. (1991): A Social History of British Broadcasting. Volume One 1922-1939. Serving the Nation. Blackwell. Colin, S. (1996): The London press and broadcasting. Manchester University Press, 1996. Michael, T. (1998): The Decline and fall of Public Service Broadcasting. OUP, 1998. Kevin, W. (1998): Get me a murder a day! A history of mass communications in Britain Arnold, 1998.

George Melies Tripto the Moon :: essays papers

George Melies Tripto the Moon In the early 1900’s Georges Melies introduced his film â€Å"A Trip To The Moon† to audiences in France. This film, when first seen by viewers at this time, was jawdropping. Melies who happened to be a magician, and illusionist before becoming a filmmaker, made one of the first-ever narratives in motion picture history. Similarily throughout â€Å"Trip To The Moon† and many of his later films, Melies, who also worked in theatre, took full advantage of what is known as Mise-en-scene. Mise-en-scene is defined as: All the elements placed in front of the camera to be photographed: the settings and props, lighting, costumes and make-up, and figure behavior. In â€Å"Trip to the Moon† Melies created a world to which no one had ever seen on film, and utilized all the characteristics to which mise-en-scene is based upon. In probably using only one camera for his film, Melies had to basically film in a theater style setting. Almost every shot of the film is a long shot which is taken from the audiences’ point-of-view angle. There were no close-ups in â€Å"Trip To The Moon† no dolly shots, or handheld shots..etc. Throughout the film the same angle and longshot is used, however that does not take away from the film, knowing that he could only utilize this shot, Melies went on to first: Decorate his set like no one had ever seen. For instance in the beginning of the film we can see what looks like an abundance of individuals who seemed to be gathered in what resembles a castle of some sort. This is where the so-called â€Å"wizards† have gathered and have figured out to take their trip to the moon. The following scene shows us a large cannon type figure, an extremely large cannon to be exact, very abnormal looking. The concept of space travel at this time was unheard of and thi s being a silent film, allows us to realize that just by looking at this contraption that this is how they are going to get to the moon. It is by these elements that Melies utilizes mise-en-scen, and in other cases such as the rocky hills of the moon, the bullet shaped space-ship that encapsulates the wizards and sends them on their trip. The costumes of the actors that are used in the film also give us the feeling that these folks are not from our time, but we can identify with their â€Å"wizardly† presence.

The Us Health Care System Health And Social Care Essay

There are a broad scope of wellness attention systems all over the universe, with different histories and organisational support systems. In many states, wellness attention system direction and planning is carried out by different stakeholders such as authorities, public organisations ands other bureaus to be after, pull off, form and fund proviso of health care to the population they serve ( Anonymous, 2011 ) . The United States of America wellness attention system has been a complex issue to many citizens despite of its normal usage and long history. Health attention in US is a immense $ 3 trillion industry, it consists of 1000s of partnerships and independent medical patterns and supplier organisations like nursing places, infirmaries and other specialized attention installations. The United States wellness attention industry is graded 2nd as compared to fabricating sections. On footing of ingestion, Americans utilize more on lodging and nutrients than they use on medical attention ( Sultz & A ; Young, 2011 ) . Additionally, wellness attention is by far the biggest service industry in this state and besides the universe ‘s 8th biggest economic system. More astonishing than its size, nevertheless, is its complexness, non merely is this wellness attention labour intensive at every degree but besides the sorts and maps of its great forces change sporadically to get by to new ways of pr esenting attention services, cognition and progressing engineering. As it ‘s on a regular basis connected with advancement medical progresss now and so creates new challenges while work outing former challenges. The emerging of medical cognition that led to narrowly defined medical professionals has compounded a long standing defect of American wellness attention.Goals of wellness attention systemHarmonizing to World Health Organization, health care should be antiphonal to the demands of the population and proviso of effectual wellness service. Progress towards wellness attention relies on how systems carry out four of import maps viz. , funding, proviso of wellness attention services, stewardship and resource coevals. Other dimensions for the appraisal of wellness attention systems comprise of, quality, equity, efficiency and acceptableness ( Anonymous, 2011 ) .Suppliers of wellness attentionHealth attention suppliers are organisations or persons supplying wellness attention services. The wellness suppliers can be freelance or working as employed in health care establishments, whether for-profit or non-profit, or in a authorities organic structure or community-based service bringing point ( Clark et EL, 2010 ) . A position in the center of several Americans dictate that, in malice of intervention cost every bit good as other crisis in wellness attention organisation, they still get better wellness attention as opposed to many other states. In fact, 50 per centum of Americans surveyed for past old ages said U.S. patients receive better quality of attention than do those in other states, even though merely 40 per centum said they thought the US had the universe ‘s best wellness attention system ( Clark et EL, 2010 ) . While many Americans hold up authorities workss to hike intervention and diminish the disbursals of wellness attention, a latest canvass found out that 60 per centum are concerned on health care quality going worse if the authorities guaranteed wellness attention for all. However, there is no concrete grounds to demo that quality of wellness attention will cut down if it becomes cosmopolitan. Still, wellness attention suppliers, policy shapers together with the wide populac e have diverse ideas to which stage of wellness attention indicate its excellence and the 1s that are more important.Medical engineering public presentationThis is unmistakable retrieved in U.S. restructuring treatment that, accepted formations of characteristics that make up a excellent quality wellness attention include assortments of facets. even if seemingly excellent entail greater wellness merchandises, other characteristics measured analytical of quality materialize to convey approximately recognized visual aspect of United States wellness attention advantage, numbering a certainty that US citizens with excellent insurance coverage outstandingly gain from timely easiness of usage and easiness of entree of up-to-date wellness steps, devices, medical specialties together with extremely educated and submissive wellness attention experts, who are cognizant and without fail use the best accomplishments to their clients ( Clark et EL, 2010 ) . On the other manus, some claim that US have low-grade quality on attention topographic point to their reasonably hapless public wellness status and factors like obstructor to admittance for people without satisfactory insurance intervention or partial wellness readying beginning webs and unsatisfactory organisation amid beginnings in disconnected wellness attention bringing system. The full characteristics of quality every bit good as wider wellness system presentation are critical and echt concern. Specifically, US wellness attention focuses on efficiency or technological and clinical quality and respect excess measuring of excellence or wellness organisation modus operandi which are most straight connected: suitableness, defence, easiness of entree, satisfactoriness, and consciousness.Professionals and cons on credentialingSuccessful credentialing, merely hearing and entreaty processs all offer assorted virtues for a managed attention organisation. These virtues comprise of, hazard direction, official blessing, unsusc eptibility from service suppliers ‘ cases under the Health Care Quality Improvement Act and optimistic selling to people seeking to purchase wellness attention policies, possible member suppliers and clients ( Sobelman, 2001 ) . Harmonizing to the guess of inattentive credentialing, managed attention organisation is accountable and may perchance be considered apt because of uncovering a harmed consumer to the unprofessional wellness beginning by unsuccessfully transporting out a suited credentialing appraisal. The organisation besides take on a hazard that consumers can look to garner amendss if a consumer is harmed as a consequence of misconduct of a wellness beginning reckoned subsequently as unprofessional ( Sobelman, 2001 ) . A managed attention organisation that applies sensible attention in credentialing and measuring its wellness suppliers lessens its hazard of liability of a misdirection suit by one of its squad members.Comparison of US wellness attention quality with other statesHarmonizing to a research undertaken among five states, that is, Canada, New Zealand, Australia, US and England, comparings on original quality indexs exhibited that, each state maps extremely good than others as compared wi th four other states ( Hussey et al, 2004 ) . Each of these states could better the excellence of attention. In Australia for case, malignant neoplastic disease endurance instances were usually at upper limit ( with exclusion of infant leukaemia ) , breast malignant neoplastic disease testing instances were besides at upper limit, asthma mortality instance was someway at lower limit, while influenza together with polio inoculation instances were at upper limit. However, happening of whooping cough in Australia was at maximal than any other state, exposing a opportunity for upgrading. In a state like Canada, rates of malignant neoplastic disease endurance were someway standard or beyond standard, together with the Numberss greater in kids with leukaemia. Rate of shot human death was by and large at lower limit. Transplant survival rate was besides someway at upper limit in Canada. Nevertheless, AMI instances were at upper limit in Canada as compared to New Zealand and Australia withi n aged persons. Data verifies Pertussis prevalence was at upper limit as compared to the four states apart from Australia ( Hussey et al, 2004 ) . In instances such as self-destruction, the rates were marked minimum in England as compared to the four states, while inoculation for infantile paralysis was at upper limit. In add-on, malignant neoplastic disease endurance instances, cervical and breast malignant neoplastic disease showing were besides minimum in England. This verifies former European similarity and exposes a room for upgrading. Measless prevalence on the other manus, was comparatively high in England as compared to four states. The promotion in asthma instances for the old 20 old ages in New Zealand, is a clear accomplishment narrative, though there is clip for more betterment as colorectal malignant neoplastic disease moderate endurance rates were at upper limit ( Hussey et al, 2004 ) . Additionally, suicide instances in New Zealand, specifically amongst immature grownups, were at upper limit as compared to the other four states. Stroke human death instances were really high amongst older people while Breast malignant neoplastic disease showings together with grippe and inoculation for infantile paralysis figure was someway at lower limit. However, chest malignant neoplastic disease instances in United States were at upper limit as compared to other four states, while testing rates for cervical malignant neoplastic disease were besides at upper limit. A major subdivision for consideration is asthma mortality well increasing within United States though decreasing in four states. As for graft endurance instances, they were besides at lower limit in United States. As United States now and over, maps comparatively better for these indexs, it ‘s non easy to settle that, it ‘s having better values for the medical wellness attention dollar as stated from the information. The large unsimilarity in the measure spent by United States on wellness attention as compared to the remainder of states might be justified merely if the extra money added any excess additions ( Hussey et al, 2004 ) . Population analysis has indicated the excess outgo to be likely non buying advanced experiences with wellness attention organisation, with the exclusion of minimum delaies for no pressing operation. Recent research workers have besides reported America to be amongst underside quartile in public wellness attention facets like life anticipation and mortality of babies. From the above statements and findings, it ‘s really clear that, every state has a good quality of wellness attention. A figure of the indexs link on wellness affairs which amount to a immense cost of burg age of diseases within such states, whilst some similar graft endurance instances have minor deductions as respects population wellness. Other diseases like diabetes that represents immense portion of disease load are non included ( Hussey et al, 2004 ) . However cardinal betterments on quality measuring abilities have been employed in several states that indicate a capacity for betterment. More important, implementing on Commonwealth Fund ‘s International Working Group concerned with Quality Indicators together with an indistinguishable attempt applied by a squad of some Norse states, an Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has employed an attack to switch the whole work frontward, enlarge the capacity of states being engaged, commit the aggregation of these indexs and develop extra quality indexs. If one put into considerations the cost-effectiveness, it is non easy to clearly indicate out the ideal criterions for process indexs ; maximal instances are sensible, though at given peculiar phase fringy benefit is someway infinitesimal. In deficiency of these ideal degrees, it ‘s of import that states benchmark evaluations against those from other states such as the 1s listed supra. The above comparings exhibit that states offer these wellness attention intercessions at typically indistinguishable rates, though chances are present for states to raise the wellness attention criterion similar to the high quality states.Preventive attentionA confirmation on US comparings to other urbanised states as respects preventative attention quality is slightly assorted. Davis et EL viewed United States as holding reasonably high-toned preventative attention in a study that analyzed study comparing the quality of attention among five states . Eighty per centum of adult females in American reported to hold done a Pap vilification for the past two old ages and eighty four per centum of adult females in American whose age was 50 to sixty four old ages reported to hold done a mammogram for the past two old ages ( Hussey et al, 2004 ) .DecisionUnited States wellness attention has done so small to turn to the unimportant and uneconomical duplicate of some services in some parts and the absences of needfully services in others. As a solution, president Obama proposal for a cardinal reform of United States wellness attention system created a more rambunctious response by those with vested involvements in the position quo. Despite of the extroverted governmental intercession, wellness attention system is presently undergoing a revolution. Additionally, betterment materializes non by mandate, but alternatively via modernisation which is directed by specializers with a end to accommodate betterments against local fortunes. Assort ed beginning organisations provide quality wellness attention ( Clarke et el, 2011 ) . They endeavor to achieve the best wellness attention modus operandis as portrayed by professionals in healthcare subdivisions. Although grounds for better public presentation are multifaceted, high accomplishments are repeatedly attained because a set of suppliers together with stakeholders discovered a quality challenge and dedicated stuffs and forces to work on it. During the working, they may recognize new things, which may in bend be accepted and practiced by others.There still exist an purpose to accomplish higher criterion in constituents of the U.S. wellness attention quality.A

Human Relations

Human relations is the ongoing development of bringing the workers more into communication and contact with their organization in order to have an effective work environment. Human relations is aimed more for the people and for their treatment in the workplace. In order for human relations to be successful, the manager needs to not deviate from the organizational goals. Human relations however requires participation from both the manager and worker. 3. ) Scientific managers knew very little about human relations.Scientific managers ere intelligent people who used their technical expertise to create an environment that achieved the greatest amount of productivity. Although this method of management was effective in terms of output, there was no humaneness with this process. Scientific managers viewed all workers as production beings rather than human beings. 4. ) Some of the principal findings of the Hawthorne studies was that the productivity of workers was not directly related to th eir physical surroundings, but in fact related to their human relations between one another.When the physical surroundings were changed in the workers work environment, both the control and test groups production increased. Physical changes were shown to not have been the reason for the production increase but rather the improved attitudes of the workers that increased output. These findings were very important as it shows that the human workplace was more of a social environment in which the workplace benefited with having social interaction for both the worker and employer. 6. ) The traditional model is very different than the human resource model. The raditional model is more focused on the company rather than the people.The human resource model implements aspects that are appealing to both employer and employee. In the traditional model, work can be very disliked by most of the employees, managers must supervise their subordinates very closely, and people are expected to tolerat e work of the pay is decent. In the Human resource model, work is enjoyed by the people as they feel that they are contributing their skills in order to reach a company goal. Managers can also create an environment which allows the orkers to use their full ability instead of having to dictate each task step by step as seen in the traditional model. . ) Management of diversity is very important in human relations because it allows the the workplace to advance with its diversity and all potential is maximized and at the same time all disadvantages are minimized. The population of the world is always changing, there will be 129 million more people working in 2050 as there was in 1995. The expected ethnicity changes in the United States claim that there will be almost half the nation's workforce who will be of ethnic race.

The Tsunami Disaster essays

The Tsunami Disaster essays The disastrous horror that came in the form of a massive tsunami has ravaged and devastated an incredibly large area and has left many people searching for family members, a new place to live, and for the answer to the question, What now? With an obscene amount of over 150,000 people already killed or missing and with that number expecting to be ballooned to a much higher figure by the time it is all said and done, this tsunami has without a doubt been the worst in recent history. The tsunami was unleashed by a 9.0 magnitude earthquake under the ocean, just off of the coast of Indonesia. This quake was one of the five largest since 1900. The aftershocks alone were shown as ranging in magnitude from almost 6 to 7.3. In comparison, the devastating San Francisco of the early nineties had an initial quake of 7.8, with aftershocks ranging from 3 to 4. The initial waves, traveling of upwards of 500 to 600 miles an hour towards the shower, initially are only a few feet in height so they are not noticeable in the open ocean. As the approach shallower water though, they slow down and reach much greater heights. With waves upwards of 20 feet crashing onto the shore, thousands of people were swept out to see with the initial waves. Studies show that the west coast is by no means safe from a tsunami of its own. The last great earthquake to strike the west was a 9.0 back in 1700 and it created tsunamis along the west coast and Japan. Scientists tell us that the fault has been locked ever since and is prime for another large disruption. Other faults deep beneath the Pacific could also cause tsunamis either by raising or lowering the ocean floor by shifting of the tectonic plates. These articles are a definite eye opener for anyone who is not so well informed on how tsunamis occur and how disastrous they can be. The authors of these particular articles not only show us the tragedy that occurred among the pe...

The eNotes Blog What the $$$$ Just Happened to My StudentLoans!!

What the $$$$ Just Happened to My StudentLoans!! Paying for college is tough enough, but have you heard about the recent hikes in interest rates for student loans? Read on to find out how this affects you as either a current student or someone in repayment, plus how government officials plan to resolve the issue of crippling student debt. As of yesterday, Stafford Loan interest rates doubled from 3.4% to 6.8%. Congress did not pass an alternative measure before the July 4th break, which will end at 2:00pm on Monday, July 8th. However, it still has the option to pass a measure that will retroactively affect the rise in interest rates, altering the Stafford Loan rates for this year’s students and perhaps others. This article will outline a few of the options Congress faces, what changes may be made, and how those changes might affect students with Stafford Loans. Protestors advocate against increased interest rates. What is a Stafford Loan and how does it work? Stafford Loans are the most common kind of federal student loans available. They are available to students at accredited institutions in the United States, a category to which most colleges and universities in the United States pertain. Stafford Loans can be either subsidized or unsubsidized. Of these, subsidized loans tend to have lower interest rates, and the federal government pays the interest that the loans accrue. Contrastingly, the interest that accumulates on unsubsidized Stafford Loans is capitalized, meaning that it is added to the part of the loan on which interest is paid. Subsidized Stafford Loans are available to those who demonstrate financial need via the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) form, which must be renewed each year a student wishes to apply. Unsubsidized Stafford Loans are available to all students who meet the Stafford Loan requirements, which can be found here. In addition to Stafford Loans, the government gives out PLUS Loans, which are unsubsidized loans and in the past have had higher interest rates than Stafford Loans. PLUS Loans are available to graduate students and parents of students. The Option Proposed by President Obama: President Obama proposed an option, named Pay As You Earn, which would tie the interest rates of student loans to those of the market, using ten-year Treasury Note interest rates as a benchmark. Subsidized Stafford Loans would have interest rates 0.93% above those of Treasury Notes, while unsubsidized loans and loans given to graduate students and parents would have rates 2.93% and 3.93% higher, respectively. The president’s proposed option would also cap monthly student payments at ten percent of their monthly income, and it would retire any student debt after it has been held for twenty years. While this option could be beneficial to many, it also carries with it a serious downfall: according to the New York Times, Treasury Note rates have been known to go as high as 8 or 9 percent, and if this were to happen again, it could lead to incredibly high student interest rates. Moreover, Obama’s plan would only apply to Stafford Loans taken during or after 2011. Finally, the plan’s use of fixed interest rates could leave students paying very high rates if they attend school during times of economic success. Senator Elizabeth Warren’s Plan: Student debt represents a serious economic issue. Senator Elizabeth Warren, a Democrat from Massachusetts, proposed a plan that would provide students with the same interest rates as those given to large banks when borrowing from the Federal Reserve (currently 0.75 percent). Warren voiced that the federal government is going to charge students interest rates that are nine times higher than the rates for the biggest banks the same banks that destroyed millions of jobs and nearly broke this economy (US News). But while Warren’s case may make sense at face value, it does not account for an important fact: banks are only given such low interest rates on very short-term loans, which are often paid back overnight. US News notes, â€Å"Even the U.S. government, the epitome of a trustworthy borrower, is paying around 1.8 percent in interest on its 10-year loans now, and nearly 3 percent on its 30-year loans.† Clearly, it doesn’t make economic sense to provide such drastically low interest rates to students when federal student loan default rates for borrowers are as high as they currently are (read more here). However, while Warren’s plan would cost the government a sizable amount of money, it is only a year long, with its intended purpose being to provide Congress with more time to find an alternative solution to raising student interest rates. Allow Interest Rates to Increase as Planned: Consumer advocate Stef Gray explains the effects of increased interest rates for students: â€Å"Ultimately what this is going to mean for students is that they’re going to pay – given a typical ten year repayment plan – four thousand dollars more. That’s an increase of a thousand dollars per year in college, and I think the average student could use an extra thousand dollars in his or her pocket.† She also highlights the fact that â€Å"the federal government currently makes thirty-six cents on every dollar that students borrow,† relating this to last years $51 billion ‘profit,’ which she points out is larger than the profits of any Fortune 500 company. But the federal government, says Dylan Matthews of the Washington Post, does not actually profit from student loans. In fact, â€Å"they actually lose money.† According to Matthews, this is because the government places â€Å"student loans below the market rate.† Why does this happen? Because the Congressional Budget Office, which is in charge of determining the cost of government loans, is required by law to use a method that â€Å"discounts all government loans using the returns on Treasuries of similar maturity.† Which is economist talk for having too much faith in students’ ability to pay back their loans, since Treasuries are far more reliable than student loans. Why does it look like the government is making money off of students? The method accounts for the higher returns that student loans give the government, but it does not factor in the default rates. In other words, it misses a key piece of information: the number of people that probably will n ot pay the government back. Ultimately, the argument cannot be made that the government is trying to make money off of students by raising interest rates on Stafford Loans because the government’s methods make this impossible. It can be argued, however, that increasing interest rates will also increase the default rates on student loans. What does this all boil down to? According to CBS News Analyst Mellody Hobson, certain social effects that carry deep economic implications have historically accompanied increases in student debt. To name a few, people start families later, home ownership goes down, and investment in new businesses drops, all of which lead to a slower economy. Because of this, the money that the government loses when lowering interest rates could be seen as an investment in the economy. This could be particularly important for congressional officers to keep in mind given the competition between domestic and foreign workers for job positions. If the government does not lower interest rates, students might be caught in a trap: On the one hand, students who pursue more education would be more qualified for jobs but subject to long-term debt that stifles their ability to participate in the economy. On the other hand, students who chose not to pursue higher education would not be subject to massive student debt, but they would be much less competitive in the job market. It would seem that lowering interest rates is not only in the students’ best interest, but also in that of the country. : Ellis, Blake. â€Å"Student Loan Default Rates Jump.† Money.CNN.com. http://money.cnn.com/2012/09/28/pf/college/student-loan-defaults/index.html. (accessed July 1, 2013). Gray, Stef. â€Å"Congress inaction to double student loan rates.† Youtube video, 6:35, posted by â€Å"RTAmerica,† June 21, 2013, youtube.com/watch?v=XfVp3RoD5F4. Kurtzleben, Danielle. â€Å"What Elizabeth Warren Gets Wrong (And Right) About Student Loans.† USNews.com. usnews.com/news/articles/2013/05/09/what-elizabeth-warren-gets-wrong-and-right-about-student-loans. (accessed July 1, 2013). Matthews, Dylan. â€Å"No the Federal Government Does Not Profit Off Student Loans (In Some Years – See Update).† WashingtonPost.com. washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/05/20/no-the-federal-government-does-not-profit-off-student-loans/. (accessed July 1, 2013). StaffordLoan.com. â€Å"Am I Eligible for a Stafford Loan?† StaffordLoan.com. staffordloan.com/stafford-loan-info/faq/am-i-eligible-for-a-stafford-loan.php. (accessed July 1, 2013). StaffordLoan.com. â€Å"Stafford Loan Frequently Asked Questions.† StaffordLoan.com. staffordloan.com/stafford-loan-info/faq/. (accessed July 1, 2013). Watson, Bruce. â€Å"Obama’s Proposed Student Loan Debt Remedy Carries A Hidden Trap.† DailyFinance.com. www.dailyfinance.com/on/obama-student-loan-debt-remedy-interest-rate-trap/. (accessed July 1, 2013). Weissmann, Jordan. â€Å"Here’s How Expensive Student Loans Could Be Under Obama’s New Plan.† TheAtlantic.com. theatlantic.com/business/archive/2013/04/heres-how-expensive-student-loans-could-be-under-obamas-new-plan/274879/. (accessed July 1, 2013). Wikipedia, s.v. â€Å"Stafford Loan,† accessed July 1, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stafford_Loan#Interest_rates.

A Property of the Clan Essay

Page 28, Jared confesses to Ricko that he had witnessed the raping of Tracy that night at Black Rock. But Jared had not said anything to anyone as those who committed the felony, were in fact his friends. Jared tells Ricko â€Å"It’s a madhouse. Davo and them running round saying don’t be a dobber, and then the posters on telegraph poles. Shame Black Rock Shame. † This cleary portrays peer pressure as he feels as though he needs to refrain from telling the truth, to not be labelled a snitch. And he is put under more pressure considering the fact that they are his friends, and he believes that he cannot go against them, even if it is the right thing to do. After Jared tells Ricko what he had saw, Ricko gets defensive and tells Jared to keep his mouth shut. â€Å"Forget you even saw it. Nobody knows you were there. It’s just the way things happen. †. Jared respons with â€Å"All right! † This represents peer pressure as Jared is put on the spot and being hassled not to tell anyone what he had seen. Jared’s response with â€Å"All right! † shows him giving into peer pressure and is listening to what they are telling him to do. Powerlessness is shown in this scene by the main character Jared, as he is the vitim in the situation. This is shown mainly with the use of language techniques. For instance, page 31, â€Å"Not a word. Not a name. Not a single fucking name. Get it? † says Ricko. The use of slang and cursive lauguage by Ricko portrays aggressiveness toward Jared, putting Jared in a powerless state as he listens and just goes with it, not saying one word. Also, this use of launguage portrays Ricko’s assertivness and puts Jared in a state where he cannot do anything about it, and that he has to listen to him. He is powerless in the situation. My poster promotes peer pressure through visual techniques such as juxaposition. This is evident as in the background, the people are positioned close together as a group, to show isolation and power over the main image of the girl. Also the use of colour is simple but eye-catching as it creates the focal point (girl) due to the contrast in colour (black and white). This layout portrays how in the play, Jared is left to decide for himself, whether he should do the right thing, or stick by his peers. Peer pressure also plays a huge role in the film â€Å"Thirteen†. Tracy (7th grader) becomes friends with the most popular girl in school, Evie, and is introduced to drugs, alcohol and sex. But Peer pressure was first and most evident when Tracy first hung out with Evie at a popular clothing store. Tracy shockingly witnesses Evie and her friend stealing clothing and accessories but steps outside the store as she knew it was wrong, and was laughed at and looked down by them. She had a moment to herself and thought about what had just happened. Ironically, a woman then sat next to her, and put her purse down. Tracy had a thought to herself. And only moments later, reunites with Evie, showing the wallet she had stolen and all the money that was inside. Evie’s attitude toward Tracy was flipped and was then happily welcomed by her. This shows a form of peer power as Tracy is felt unwelcomed and as if she weren’t fitting in, leading her to feel pressured into stealing aswell. Both power and powerlessness is shown by the main character Tracy in this scene. Powerlessness is shown through the technique juxtaposition, as Evie and her friend are always positioned close together, where as Tracy is always by herself ; portraying power over Tracy. But at the end of this scene, when Tracy decided to steal the purse, she was welcomed by Evie and the use of up-beat music showed power as they walked happily together; ending the scene. Again, my poster promotes the theme of peer pressure through visual techniques such as colour. The colour of the people in the background are coloured in a shade of black, to contrast with the main image of the person in the foreground, to represent isolation and power over her. Also, the gestures made by the main image, (e. g. er stance and facials) show the feel of uneasiness in the situation, as she is under pressure by her peers. This contrasting image reflects how in the film, Tracy felt powerless and also uneasy about the situation she was in, but eventually gave in due to her peers. To conclude, peer pressure is clearly present in both the related texts â€Å"A Porperty of the Clan† and the film† thirteen†. Peer pressure is an inevitable part of life, which everyone will eve tually encounter; And these both these texts show the consequences of such. A Property of the Clan Essay Page 28, Jared confesses to Ricko that he had witnessed the raping of Tracy that night at Black Rock. But Jared had not said anything to anyone as those who committed the felony, were in fact his friends. Jared tells Ricko â€Å"It’s a madhouse. Davo and them running round saying don’t be a dobber, and then the posters on telegraph poles. Shame Black Rock Shame. † This cleary portrays peer pressure as he feels as though he needs to refrain from telling the truth, to not be labelled a snitch. And he is put under more pressure considering the fact that they are his friends, and he believes that he cannot go against them, even if it is the right thing to do. After Jared tells Ricko what he had saw, Ricko gets defensive and tells Jared to keep his mouth shut. â€Å"Forget you even saw it. Nobody knows you were there. It’s just the way things happen. †. Jared respons with â€Å"All right! † This represents peer pressure as Jared is put on the spot and being hassled not to tell anyone what he had seen. Jared’s response with â€Å"All right! † shows him giving into peer pressure and is listening to what they are telling him to do. Powerlessness is shown in this scene by the main character Jared, as he is the vitim in the situation. This is shown mainly with the use of language techniques. For instance, page 31, â€Å"Not a word. Not a name. Not a single fucking name. Get it? † says Ricko. The use of slang and cursive lauguage by Ricko portrays aggressiveness toward Jared, putting Jared in a powerless state as he listens and just goes with it, not saying one word. Also, this use of launguage portrays Ricko’s assertivness and puts Jared in a state where he cannot do anything about it, and that he has to listen to him. He is powerless in the situation. My poster promotes peer pressure through visual techniques such as juxaposition. This is evident as in the background, the people are positioned close together as a group, to show isolation and power over the main image of the girl. Also the use of colour is simple but eye-catching as it creates the focal point (girl) due to the contrast in colour (black and white). This layout portrays how in the play, Jared is left to decide for himself, whether he should do the right thing, or stick by his peers. Peer pressure also plays a huge role in the film â€Å"Thirteen†. Tracy (7th grader) becomes friends with the most popular girl in school, Evie, and is introduced to drugs, alcohol and sex. But Peer pressure was first and most evident when Tracy first hung out with Evie at a popular clothing store. Tracy shockingly witnesses Evie and her friend stealing clothing and accessories but steps outside the store as she knew it was wrong, and was laughed at and looked down by them. She had a moment to herself and thought about what had just happened. Ironically, a woman then sat next to her, and put her purse down. Tracy had a thought to herself. And only moments later, reunites with Evie, showing the wallet she had stolen and all the money that was inside. Evie’s attitude toward Tracy was flipped and was then happily welcomed by her. This shows a form of peer power as Tracy is felt unwelcomed and as if she weren’t fitting in, leading her to feel pressured into stealing aswell. Both power and powerlessness is shown by the main character Tracy in this scene. Powerlessness is shown through the technique juxtaposition, as Evie and her friend are always positioned close together, where as Tracy is always by herself ; portraying power over Tracy. But at the end of this scene, when Tracy decided to steal the purse, she was welcomed by Evie and the use of up-beat music showed power as they walked happily together; ending the scene. Again, my poster promotes the theme of peer pressure through visual techniques such as colour. The colour of the people in the background are coloured in a shade of black, to contrast with the main image of the person in the foreground, to represent isolation and power over her. Also, the gestures made by the main image, (e. g. er stance and facials) show the feel of uneasiness in the situation, as she is under pressure by her peers. This contrasting image reflects how in the film, Tracy felt powerless and also uneasy about the situation she was in, but eventually gave in due to her peers. To conclude, peer pressure is clearly present in both the related texts â€Å"A Porperty of the Clan† and the film† thirteen†. Peer pressure is an inevitable part of life, which everyone will eve tually encounter; And these both these texts show the consequences of such.

Principles of learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Principles of learning - Essay Example Before one successfully complete the course, he is given practical teaching lesson where he is supervised as he teaches a class at least four times. At the end of each practical teaching assessment is done, the student teacher is given feedback and areas that he needs to be improved are highlighted. One is allowed to go ahead and complete stage 3 at the institute of education after completing the stage 2. While studying stage 2 however, assessment is continuously done throughout the course to ensure that the students' performance is monitored. While studying principles of education, a teacher is able to understand his students and for this case, he is able to teach them in the best way possible to enhance their understanding. The teacher is also able to understand his students' abilities, potential and learning need for the sake of achieving their objectives of transferring knowledge to them. At the end of the course, the teacher should be in a position to apply various methods and techniques for learning, teaching, assessment and evaluation. For this case, the teacher will be in a better position to use his/her skill in his teaching profession for the sake of achieving the already laid down teaching objectives. ... s case, he is able to ensure that all the content that is required to be cover in a particular period of time is covered and the learning objectives are achieved at the end of a term or a course. The teacher is also able to apply his own innovative ways of teaching by use of information technology in order to facilitate him to achieve his teaching goals and objectives. He is able to brainstorm against various teaching methods that can be used in class in order to achieve his objective. These can be done by collecting various teaching techniques that he can use for teaching and this in turn help him to land on the best technique to use in the class. This ensures that his teaching objectives are achieved at the end of the course. After a teacher undergoes the stage 2 principle of learning, he is able to know his potential for the sake of developing it and eventually be able to achieve his teaching objectives. He reflects on his own experience and this enable him/her to be able to achieve his teaching objectives. Still at the end of the course, the teacher develops his own interpersonal and communication skills. This is achieved as a result of the teaching practical sessions that are compulsory for them to undergo before they complete the course. Due to this, the teachers are in a position of handling their duties in professional way with a lot of confidence. 2 During the course, the teacher are made aware of their professional roles as teachers and this enable them to handle students in the recommended ways according to the laid down rules and regulations. The teachers are taught on how to handle students so that they achieve their teaching objectives. They are taught on how they are able to prepare for their lessons in a professional ways so that when they are in

Endometriosis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Endometriosis - Case Study Example However, the growth is less likely to be found in other areas such as the lungs. The misplaced tissues develop into growths that respond to the menstrual periods in a similar way as the uterine lining. Consequently, this allows blood to flow from these endometrial growths but cannot leave the body. Such an aspect subjects the person to internal bleeding, tissue breakdown and inflammations that can even cause infertility and bowel problems (Watson, 2007). Endometriosis differs from endometritis in various ways ranging from its causal effect, and the pathophysiology and its presentation on the affected organs. For instance, endometritis is an infection that occurs in the endometrium lining that may occur during a prolonged labor pains, uterine instrumentation or even a C-Section. It can be also be caused by sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhoea, chlamydia or a mix of the vaginal bacteria. These aspects make it differ from endometriosis that occurs as a response to hormones for tissue growth on the peritoneal cavity (Burrage and BSMO, 2013). The causal factor of endometriosis has remained unknown, however, for the endometritis it is caused by infections on the uterus. An individual with endometriosis may feel pain in their intestines, pelvic or even at their lower back. Additionally, they may experience pain during and after sexual play at the inner vaginal walls that may appear swollen. On the other hand, they may experience heavy menstrual cycles, or bleeding or spot between periods. This differs from endometritis in that the individual experiences abnormal vaginal discharges, with discomfort, swelling of their abdomen and pain in the pelvic region (Burrage and BSMO, 2013). While there is cure for endometritis that is subjected to antibiotics, endometriosis has no cure but there different treatments. The treatment for this female victim depends on the age and the intense of the pain associated with the endometriosis. If the patient

International Entrepreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International Entrepreneurship - Essay Example Behavioral pattern of the suppliers and the clients and concentration in the supply makes entrepreneurs more competitive in the global market. In the market where the customers are diverse, a different approach to the market may be of great benefit to entrepreneur in a new market (Keillor 2011). The trends of innovating products and services in a particular environment have been used by multinational companies in their new products. Taking for instance the travel business in the United States, the business involves serving both the natives and the international visitors. Globalization and liberalization of economies have allowed companies to invent new ideas suitable for the developing markets. Globalization has pressurized companies to continue innovating new ideas of conducting businesses. Though much innovation has been witnessed in the global market, entrepreneurs have found it harder to penetrate the market to ever changing business environment and competition (Griffin 2005). There is more opportunity for growth due to innovation and completion in the global market. Entrepreneurs in the global markets seem to prefer working centrally and doing business from a central position. However Companies benefit international market therefore centralization of business no longer applies in the global markets (Keillor 2011). The trend of business innovation is moving towards decentralization of markets. Entrepreneurs are considering a more involving business venture where the customers, suppliers and other stakeholders are closely involved in the product and services development. Such approach proves more beneficial in the globalised market just like the trend in expansion of markets. The global market has been a major target for entrepreneurs however more innovation is required to maintain the local market. The idea used in the global market is also applicable in the local market (Keillor 2011). Though the product innovation is crucial in entrepreneurship, the process innovation plays a central role. It is important in adapting to various business environments such as fixing of costs. Process innovation can be used by the businesses which are planning to have decentralized management. Basically each market will be managed according to the requirements and the policies guarding the market. 2. Internation al Trade Barriers Doing business in the international market faces challenges such as quotas, tariffs and non tariffs. Non traffic barriers are usually imposed by governments basically to restrict the quality imports. Such barriers restrict availability of products thus complicating the prices in the market. The result is high prices. A traffic barrier such as taxes, custom duties decreases the volumes of imports thus increasing the prices of products, thus the local market is favored.

Bussines and Society ( 2 questions) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Bussines and Society ( 2 questions) - Essay Example There are so many questions that filled my mind just by looking at the website of this artwork, and it made me excited about seeing the work of art for myself. According to the website, going to the Tate Modern Museum, where the artwork was actually located, can be by train, by bike, by bus, by cab, or even by coach. Located at Tate Modern Bankside, London SE1 9TG, the place is quite new for me. What made me interested about this area is that it is located in the middle of the city, where the impression of going to an urban concrete jungle is more dominant, rather than going to the museum. For this journey, I actually chose to go by the bus. This is because of the fact that by using the bus, you can see the sights around the city as you go along the way. In addition, you can also notice the types of the passengers using it (with the bus being a public transport), and notice where they are going. In this case, of course, I have seen that different people ride and take off at random po ints, most of them going to work or school. This scene made me remember the sunflower seeds, even though I have only seen it through the website, because I thought that we people are like those sunflower seeds in that museum: we may be unique in our own ways, but we are all located in a single space, and that we all go through our own business. In going to the museum, I actually used Route 344, which actually stops on Southwark Bridge Road. I used this Route because I thought that this was actually the shortest possible route; with the taking off point just a few minutes’ walk from the Bankside, where Tate Modern is located. It is a good thing for me to see that Tate Modern is actually located along a river, which gives me a sense of break from the monotonous urban concrete jungle which is an everyday experience in the London metropolis. This also served to remind me that London is not all about business and industries, but there are also valuable places where one can see bea utiful works of art. One of the major influences of my journey to my experience on the exhibit was a reflection upon China products, in relation to individuality (which was also provided when I visited the website). Recently, there has actually been a scandal wherein Chinese products are somewhat defective and below quality standards, yet they are actually threatening the world’s economy due to the flooding of their cheap products unto the western market. In this scandal, it can actually be remembered that the featured Chinese products where actually harmful to use, because of the dangerous chemical substances that where present within these products. As emphasized by mainstream corporate media, and backed by the west’s powerful multinational corporations, they accused that all of China’s products that were being exported to the world market where of substandard quality, and that aside from the fact that it poses serious health risks to consumers worldwide, it a lso poses a major threat to the world economy, given that this is actually a form of unfair competition on the supposed to be fair free market, along the line of trade liberalization. However, this work of art by Ai Weiwei just stood in contrast to such

Governance in the Cloud Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Governance in the Cloud - Research Paper Example Current governance strategies must be closely evaluated when translating to the cloud environment due to unique characteristics and difficulties presented with the use of the cloud. The term cloud computer has been thrown around all too often as of late and some tend to use it as a buzz word without fully understanding what the ‘cloud’ is. The term â€Å"Cloud computing describes Internet-based technology (either software, platform, infrastructure or a combination) that stores and processes information and is provided as an on-demand service† (Speed 1). It is the on-demand feature of this outsourcing solution that draws many to the cloud as it offers scalability and increased availability to clients. These advantages of cloud computing cut both ways as there are some concerns raised with each of these and in addition with the security and governance of the cloud environment. Cloud services offer scalability with the option to rapidly increase/decrease storage and processing power to meet current demands. Though scalable, cloud environments are not very flexible as they often upgraded, such as forcing users to adapt to new operating systems in the case of PaaS (Platform as a Service). This is not always the case as â€Å"some cloud services, such as Amazon’s EC2, offer a lot of flexible options; however setting them up and maintaining the configuration takes more effort and skill than other out-of-the-box offerings† (Speed). Despite this potential draw back they are still flexible in that they can easily be turned on and off at will without committing to large upgrades in infrastructure and/or software. This scalability and flexibility provide the potential for a great savings in the IT bottom line. To understand the basics of cloud economics we must consider the risk and reward of cloud services versus traditional IT cost over time. Traditional IT projects are an immense undertaking requiring vast amounts of resources; furtherm ore they fall into a lifecycle and eventually need upgraded or replaced at an additional cost. The advantage to cloud computing is that when an upgrade is needed or available it implemented in a relatively short time and a much lower cost, typically the client organization will see no increase in cost. The client organization can reap this benefit due to the economy of scale with the Cloud provider sharing cost across all users. Considering Fig 1 (Speed, p. 2) we can see the benefit cloud computing offers on a long term basis. When looking to upgrade software or infrastructure it is much easier for the finance department to handle a more balanced financial requirement vice the dramatic cycle that the traditional IT approach subjects us to. Using COBIT to Manage Benefit, Risks and Security in the cloud In this ever-increasing competitive world, companies are heavily relying on data and information to make complex decisions on control and risks that would be rapid and flourishing. How ever, for this purpose management needs to be familiar with the actions that should be taken and how to implement them. In this scenario, organizations require an objective method to recognize where they are and where they need to make improvements; they as well require being capable to execute management tool kits to observe this development. Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT) is a set or group of resources that holds all the information that a business would need to put into

Groups and organizations promoting racial equality Essay

Groups and organizations promoting racial equality - Essay Example However, efforts made by numerous players gradually allowed the incorporation of the Native Americans into the civilized American society. Over the years, federal legislations and other amendments have allowed the establishment of greater racial equality for the Native Americans and other minority groups. By doing so, the government institutions have been successful in implementing equal rights for all citizens of America. While many historical texts have been produced from a White perspective, the Native Indian perspective has rarely been produced until recently. The revived interpretation has allowed the world to vie Native Americans as being oppressed individuals who have been enslaved in their own home land while the invaders and colonialists have formed an imperialist government over them. The perspective of viewing the Native Indian as a â€Å"good man† was the result of various historical products including films. The civil rights movements allowed the Native Americans to raise their voices for their own rights as equal citizens of America. Native Americans have experienced America from a time of colonial rule to civil rights as US citizens. Although the Native Americans still inhabited the same land, the fact that there were cultural differences between them and the White Americans could not be ignored. The first question which the reformers faced was about incorporating the highly distinct Native Americans in the American society thereby forming a national identity rather than a horde of uncivilized people. Attempts to assimilate the Native Indians as part of the American society involved recruiting young Native American boys into boarding schools so as to enable them to gradually lose out their native cultural essence and adopt an American way of living (Flavin, 4). US history saw a series of laws, rules, regulations, tribal laws, treaties, and other jurisdictions. The United States Constitution as well as the Trade and Intercourse Act regulate d any economic activity carried out with Native Indian tribes and granted power to the President along with the Senate to make agreements with the tribes (Stancel, n.pag.). By the end of the French-Indian War, the Constitution was adopted and this brought the Indian tribes under the government’s rule. Three departments were set up including Northern, Southern, and Middle, each being headed by a commissioner whose duty was to maintain harmonious terms with the Indians (Cohen & Ickes et al., 9). This was also done so as to discourage the local Indians to participate in the revolt against the Whites. Passed in 1887, the Dawes Act or the Allotment Act gave the President the power to break the reservation land which was being held by tribal members (‘Dawes Act†, n.pag.). According to the law, land which had not been allotted to Native Americans would have to be sold to the government which would then be opened for farming. However, this resulted in Native Americans bei ng dispossessed of their lands. Apparently, the law was meant to provide greater property rights to the Native Indians however many Native Indians saw a reduction in their land holdings. Further laws limited their rights and economic dealings by giving more power to the President and Senate to regulate treaties with tribal Indians. The Indian Bill of Rights also

Governance in the Cloud Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Governance in the Cloud - Research Paper Example Current governance strategies must be closely evaluated when translating to the cloud environment due to unique characteristics and difficulties presented with the use of the cloud. The term cloud computer has been thrown around all too often as of late and some tend to use it as a buzz word without fully understanding what the ‘cloud’ is. The term â€Å"Cloud computing describes Internet-based technology (either software, platform, infrastructure or a combination) that stores and processes information and is provided as an on-demand service† (Speed 1). It is the on-demand feature of this outsourcing solution that draws many to the cloud as it offers scalability and increased availability to clients. These advantages of cloud computing cut both ways as there are some concerns raised with each of these and in addition with the security and governance of the cloud environment. Cloud services offer scalability with the option to rapidly increase/decrease storage and processing power to meet current demands. Though scalable, cloud environments are not very flexible as they often upgraded, such as forcing users to adapt to new operating systems in the case of PaaS (Platform as a Service). This is not always the case as â€Å"some cloud services, such as Amazon’s EC2, offer a lot of flexible options; however setting them up and maintaining the configuration takes more effort and skill than other out-of-the-box offerings† (Speed). Despite this potential draw back they are still flexible in that they can easily be turned on and off at will without committing to large upgrades in infrastructure and/or software. This scalability and flexibility provide the potential for a great savings in the IT bottom line. To understand the basics of cloud economics we must consider the risk and reward of cloud services versus traditional IT cost over time. Traditional IT projects are an immense undertaking requiring vast amounts of resources; furtherm ore they fall into a lifecycle and eventually need upgraded or replaced at an additional cost. The advantage to cloud computing is that when an upgrade is needed or available it implemented in a relatively short time and a much lower cost, typically the client organization will see no increase in cost. The client organization can reap this benefit due to the economy of scale with the Cloud provider sharing cost across all users. Considering Fig 1 (Speed, p. 2) we can see the benefit cloud computing offers on a long term basis. When looking to upgrade software or infrastructure it is much easier for the finance department to handle a more balanced financial requirement vice the dramatic cycle that the traditional IT approach subjects us to. Using COBIT to Manage Benefit, Risks and Security in the cloud In this ever-increasing competitive world, companies are heavily relying on data and information to make complex decisions on control and risks that would be rapid and flourishing. How ever, for this purpose management needs to be familiar with the actions that should be taken and how to implement them. In this scenario, organizations require an objective method to recognize where they are and where they need to make improvements; they as well require being capable to execute management tool kits to observe this development. Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT) is a set or group of resources that holds all the information that a business would need to put into

Truth in Media Essay Example for Free

Truth in Media Essay The omnipresence of pornography in today’s society has increased extramentally over the past few decades. What is available over the internet is remarkably unrestricted and available to anyone who looks for it. This paper will cover how and what the messages on sexuality that are being conveyed to today’s society, Open sexualities vs. purity Which is better is an article written by Michael in 2012 regarding finding the truth about how our society views sexuality in the past and currently. He discusses how we Americans have evolved from a society of purity to complete sexual freedom to what is described as a loose society today. He questions the thought process of completely educating our youth. whether it is a good decision to overloading the impressionable minds of out children. He continues to describe the loss of the family unit in America. How this loss has devastated the fabric of society. We have become slaves to our labeto never thinking about what that truly means. The article gives clear statistics on abortion, marriage, STDs, and unwanted births throughout our history to back up what he calls the loss of the family unit. He then gives information on pornography, prostitution, rape, and human trafficking, which gives a complete picture of how human sexuality really looks like in this country. He ends with the encouragement of the old fashioned art of the conversation. He says to continue talking about subjects and maybe things will change. Manipulation The power of subliminal persuasion is an article from mens health magazine in July 2013 edition. It is an article describing how to get you wife or girlfriend to have sex with you through subliminal persuasion. It starts out with this quote â€Å"Money worries have increased marital arguments by 59%, but getting your own way need not mean blood and thunder†. The article does into how certain substances like coffee can increase the effectiveness of subliminal persuasion on the female mind. How if a man starts introducing his wish for sex early in the morning but after her morning coffee his chances increase. The article describes step by step how to introduce his wishes into her subconscious mind throughout the day then finally ending with either the man successfully manipulating the female or with the question of why not and the debate is on. The whole article is on how to get what you want by manipulation and corwersion Conception What if Women are offered contraception for free is an article by Valerie Tarico on May 16, 2013 in Ms. Magazine. The article covers an overview of a research project that was conducted last fall in Missouri on free conception. This research project was conducted with 9000 women and covers how the birth rate, abortion rate, and financial obligations of that state were reduced significantly. The author asks the question on if this trial was to become a fixed solution what would have to be done to implement it ant would it work. The article goes into a complete breakdown of the statistical information of Washington state and how those numbers could be affected by implementing such a program here and what that would mean in the long run for tax payers and families. She continues to describe the financial obligations of not having such a program in place today. This is so astronomical that it is hard to believe we spend that much money on unwanted pregnancies and childcare expenses for as she puts it â€Å"go-with-the-flow babies†. Common views What Are Americans Doing Beneath The Sheets These Days? An article by Dr. Justin Lemiller posted on November 28, 2012 in the Chicago times is a brief expose on what Americans are actually doing in the privacy of their own beds. This article covers masturbation, oral sex, and anal sex and includes at what age people are doing what. Teen pregnancy Teenage pregnancy: High US rates due to poverty, not promiscuity an article written B Stephanie Hanes, Correspondent May 22, 2012 in Modern Parenthood magazine discusses how that statistically it has been proven that teen parenthood has been significantly higher among those with a lower socioeconomic status than any-other bracket. The article goes into detail regaurding the satistical information across countries and within America as well. The article continues to outline the difficulties in correcting such a problem due to the fact that no campaign against teen pregnancy would even effect the overwhelming nature of the lack of options for the lower classes. The lack of options creates a kind of circular motion that seems to offer hope of a better life but doesnt. Extramarital affairs The Truth About Why Men Cheat an article written by M. Gary Neuman for Redbook magazine in 2012, informs readers of why men cheat. The article goes over the reason a man cheats is not for sex. Men according to the ones serveyed cheat do to emotional dissatisfaction rather than sexual dissatisfaction. The article the goes into how to create an atmosphere of mutual reward and respect. Men have trouble asking for pats on the back but need encouragement just as much as women. If we set the stage for a give give relationship we have a better chance at staying faithful. Homosexuality Understanding females sexual fluidity is an article written by Ian Kerner, for the New York Times on February 9th, 2012 discusses an interview with a famous actress and how a slip of the tounge can revel much. The actress said that being a lesbian was a choices she made not something that she was or wasnt. Having said such a thing sparked much debate and consideration of choice. The article talkes about how women are much more fluid in whom they choose to fall in-love with, that women ten to fall in-love with a person not a gender. The article also goes on to show information regarding a study done on heterosexual and homosexual men how they were both turned on my both gay and straight pornography. This study gives a lot of credence to the premise that gays can choose to be not gay. Casual sex  Do You Want More Than a Hookup? Written by Angela Ledgerwood for cosmopolitan magazine discusses how todays young people are not as interested in just hooking up as they once were. The article goes into a question answer format and talks about how todays young people are afraid of dating and not sure even how. The article give a clear description that people today have no idea how to even get someone to go out on a date so it gives some starting points. Then the article goes into some dating tips and encouragement. I found that these articles are well written but lack any sense of morality. I found it so very difficult to find articles that were not how tos or so close to pornography that I would not even use the. This to me seems to be a funny thing for I am a very open person regarding sex. I do not have any inhibitions and from a Christian view point I would be a huge sinner. With that being said as I was doing my research on this topic I found it way to easy to learn how to give a blow job and how to perform anal sex. This was at the common sites like cosmopolitan and Redbook there was no safe guards like even Facebook has regarding sexually explicit stuff like are you 18 to look at that kind of things. Therefore comparing what I have found on the internet with what we were taught thought this class was so completely different that I feel like a prude. Saying that seems a bit off and I have to chuckle a bit. But I feel that honesty is truly the best policy, therefore I must say that I am an ex-prostitute and have had so many partners that I cannot even count. God has forgiven me of this sin and now the rose colored glasses have completely been taken off. Throughout this course we have learned all about what being authentic in our sexualities means and how to have a healthy God centered relationship. It is hard to imagine how these to completely different views can merge into one complete view. I feel compelled to try for we are the sum of all parts. God has given us such a wonderful gift of sexuality and I for one am very grateful. I think that if we try to educated ourselves on how to be fully honest with ourselves, God, and our spouses we will have a great chance at fulfilling ourselves and our marriages. We need to be educated every-way with what and how to do and what God expects of how we are to behave. Finding this balance is not easy in todays society of we are bombarded with explicit material every second of everyday. We must therefore have some kind of outline for us to follow that is where the scriptures come in to play. Our text talks of unhealthy sexual behavior as â€Å"Inauthentic sexual behaviors (that) are organized around using power to control† (Balswick Balswick, 2008, p. 86). this type of behavior is viewed as common place in today’s society by evidence of the article The power of subliminal persuasion by Alex Young. In this article he states just how to manipulate the opposite sex into getting what he wants. He states that â€Å"The power of subliminal persuasion means you can tug in the right direction without her feeling the pinch† (Young, Mens Health, 2012). This however subtle manipulation is all about power and control. Our text tells us that we are to be committed to God and to one other person by saying â€Å"God created for us to be sexual beings, in a spiritual way with one who we have decided to spend our life with† (Balswick, p 68). But society tells us that sex can be freely given to whomever we choose whenever we choose. This is not without its consequences however as stated in the article Which Is Better – A Society With Loose Sexuality Or A Society With Strict Rules For Sexuality? By Michael Snyder. In the article Snyder give information and the destruction of the family unit with â€Å"According to the Pew Research Center, only 51 percent of all Americans that are at least 18 years old are currently married at this point. Back in 1960, 72 percent of all U.  S. adults were married†. This directly shows that we are not coupling the way God has intended. In our presentation Teens and sex: Taming the drive Chap Clark, M. Div. , Ph. D. explains that it is important to explain to our youth responsible sexuality by the statement â€Å"When teens struggle with their sexual feelings, urges and drives, it is important that the church help them to understand what is behind the physical drives and to see people’s bodies, souls and relational choices as God sees them. His call is to holiness, but that calling is about caring for the best of others as people develop their attitudes and make choices. Chap Clark gives Clear explanations as to the different types of love in-order to inform teens of what is healthy and what not healthy love is. By doing this he sets the stage for responsible choices unlike the responsible choices made by teen mothers. In the article Teenage pregnancy: High US rates due to poverty, not promiscuity by Stephanie Hanes we find that in has been discovered that people with fewer options financially have higher birth rates. Hanes states that â€Å"anthropologists and social workers explain that teens who experience â€Å"despair† are more likely to turn to motherhood as a way to find meaning in a world where they see few other options† which seems to correspond very well with the hypothesis. Our presentation on Restoring Marital Intimacy: After the Affair by Mark Laaser and Deb Laaser informs us how to overcome the sin of infidelity by grace through repentance, honesty treatment, and forgiveness this is a hard road nd takes a lot of faith and commitment. In the article The Truth About Why Men Cheat by M. Gary Neuman we discover that it is not necessarily sex that causes men to cheat but rather a loss of intimacy in the relationship. Neuman states that â€Å"48% of men rated emotional dissatisfaction as the primary reason they cheated†. This seems rather strange considering we are all told that men and women think differently when it comes to sex. I am a grandmother if two wonderful little girls and when I think of the material that they will shortly be exposed to I cringe. As a counselor I would want to keep my eyes open and take a look regularly at what we are being exposed to in-order to be fully informed as to where my clients would be coming form. It would not be enough just to stay up-to-date with the current techniques and treatment options. I would need to keep my eyes open to the current beat of your world as well. I have to say that writing this paper has at least taught me that. Having a wide knowledge base and commitment to biblical principles needs to be the foundation of my counseling process, for without this foundation I would lose my way. God has given me the gift of being able to help others through sharing my pain but in-order full understand someone else’s pain there will be times that I have to educate myself in how they see the world and having this knowledge will enable me to do so. Counselors need to have a full tool box and sometime that tool box has things in it that we have had to learn from others. Having an open mind will make that possible.

The Friedrich Nietzsches Worldview Philosophy Essay

The Friedrich Nietzsches Worldview Philosophy Essay Each person has a different way of perceiving and interpreting the world. It is his or her worldview that decides his perspective. According to Nancy Cavender, Basic background beliefs make up world views. World views are like lenses that cause us to see the world in a particular way, or like filters through which we process our new ideas or information (26). Worldview not only influences the way someone thinks or sees the world, but also his or her decisions. Therefore, people can figure out someones worldview based on his or her actions, decisions, or ideas. Friedrich Nietzsche, one of the most influential German philosophers, has influenced, impacted, and brought forth new questions for many philosophers to follow. In one of his famous writings, Morality as Anti-Nature, Nietzsche expresses the belief that the church that represents morality negates the value of life and says no to all the desires of life. Based on Nietzsches words and ideas in the work, people can realize that he has a positive outlook on life. Nietzsche believes that to acquire a positive life, people have to live with their passions. According to him, passions are roots of life which are desires by nature. They are found in living things (702). These desires exist as part of who we are; they define us in a way. They can aid us, and they can also harm us. When people embrace our desires, people acknowledge their positive sides and negative sides; they dont hide their evil and they have peace of mind in their life. Due to the damaging side of passion, on the contrary, churches that symbolize morality choose to remove passion to be out of suffering its consequence. As Nietzsche points out, The church fights passion with excision in every sense: its practice, its cure, is castratism which means cutting off sensuality, pride, avarice, vengefulness (702). This implies that the church wants its followers to obey a series of negative enforcements or impossible rules which are against their nature. In other words, the churchs meth od is getting rid of the negative side of passion, the church ready accept to give up good side of passion, and the church wants people to hide their vice. Their method clearly is not successful. As Nietzsche declares that the extreme of the church reaches its climax only when such types lack even the firmness for this radical cure, which suggests that the more extreme the church becomes, the less successful it is (702). Nietzsche also points out the situation of the followers, The most poisonous things against the senses have been said not by the impotent, nor by ascetics, but by the impossible ascetics, by those who really were in dire need of being ascetics (702). This strongly supposes that its followers cannot conform to the set of morals or the rules of the church, not because they are powerless or effortless, but they know that they never can fulfill the impossible requirements. Moreover, it implies the followers are miserable and become mentally self-imposed slaves because t hey are kept in a perpetual state of sin, which can only be remedied by the church. As Nietzsche shows, the churchs way fails because the kind of morality which the church embodies is against the instincts of life (703). All Nietzsches illustrations of the negative method of the church imply that people cannot get a positive life until they are living under the naturalistic morality_the passions that he asserts to be kind of healthy morality (703). Nietzsche also supposes that to live a positive life, people need to possess a power to conquer hindrance. As mentioned above, passions of a person also have negative side; they can drag down their victim with the weight of stupidity (701). In order to harvest the benefits but avoid the stupidity of the passion, Nietzsche suggests that people get over their obstructions by spiritualizing hostility, which he means a profound appreciation of the value of having enemies (702). This clearly implies that people need to possess power to resist their temptation and to tame it or redirect it in a constructive way. Furthermore, he emphasizes another meaning of internal enemy, which means acting and thinking in the opposite way from that which has been the rule (702), such as the rule of the church or the institutions. This will help people liberate themselves from imposed rules or ideas from institutions, find a creative way to make decisions people need to make to get they want for their lif e or to make a difference for their life. Nietzsches positive worldview of life is also reflected in the attitude that people who embrace their own nature need to have a tolerance view to their enemy or their difference. He claims that life contains a rich variety of ways of living, so people need to accept and respect those varieties. As Nietzsche states, We immoralists, have conversely, made room in our hearts for every kind of understanding, comprehending, and approving (705). He He also claims that having an internal enemy will help people to stay young in spirit and open to gain comprehension and approval (705). when people can curb their weakness or their enemies, they will become stronger in spirit and feel pleased with themselves, and more importantly, gain freedom of the will which is the main factor to help us to succeed in life and gain happiness. In short, Life is not about whats right but whats wrong Think The Opposite from Paulo Ferreira